I. STATEMENT & BACKGROUND Essays - Server, Server Hardware

I. Proclamation and BACKGROUND The school of Business (COB) server is presently being utilized to help convey to the PC Information System (CIS) office. The CIS teachers would utilize the server for different activities. Assignments, email, and different sorts of data would be simpler for the understudies to get to. System clients can share documents, printers and different assets; send electronic messages and run programs on different PCs. Be that as it may, certain significant issues should be tended to and focused on. So as to start the way toward setting up the COB server, the absolute quantities of clients (workforce and understudies) must be resolved. Some other noteworthy components to be drawn nearer are: the necessary programming applications required on the organize, a proficient and proper catalog structure and viable security structure. In planning the registry structure, the significant spotlight must be on openness. The quantity of undergrad CIS courses that the server will be utilized for is be! tween 15 and 17. For the clients to be guaranteed that their data isn't in danger, we will make a viable security structure. In creating the suitable security structure there must be certain entrance rights doled out to the clients. A significant specialized detail in setting up a server is the measure of cash that should be apportioned for the rebuilding of the framework. For the framework to work appropriately, the measure of equipment/programming should be resolved. II. Practical REQUIREMENTS The COB server will fundamentally be utilized by CIS teachers and CIS understudies. The rough number of teachers in the CIS division is somewhere in the range of five and seven and the rough number of CIS majors is somewhere in the range of 100 and 120. As PC innovation proceeds to develop, the quantity of CIS majors is incomprehensibly expanding. In the event that we see an extensive ascent in PC Information Systems majors the office should grow its employees. The CIS educators will utilize the server to dispense their prospectuses, convey explicit assignments and send email to their understudies. The format, structure and multifaceted nature of each class will decide how much the educator might be utilizing the server. The five star a CIS major as a rule takes at Western is CIS 251. The executives Information Frameworks (CIS 251). This class offers understudies a reason for the executives data frameworks in business associations. In putting the COB server to utilize and preparing the understudy for hands-on information on PC based data frameworks, CIS 251 spotlights on investigation, improvement, structure, usage, and assessment. Different errands that are canvassed in this class are PC applications ins spreadsheets, word processors, and database frameworks. Data frameworks influence both agents and individuals who live in the public arena. The primary programming class CIS majors take is CIS 256. This CIS course will be very advantageous for the server. Business Computer Programming (CIS 256) acquaints the understudy with a use of programming guideline in business. Point by point assignments include flowcharting, coding, documentation, and testing. This course gives the understudy a foundation of PC design and information portrayal. This class record will require the BASIC programming language that will be utilized just as the compiler. The CIS elective, CIS 301, stresses most extreme hands-on involvement in microcomputers and programming bundles, including word handling, spreadsheets, database supervisors, and realistic frameworks. Microcomputer Applications (CIS 301), is a significant course for understudies not studying Computer Information Systems, yet might want to acquaint themselves with the PC. This record will contain Microsoft Office and email abilities. A significant class that gets helpful for the server is the CIS 358 course. The teacher can send applications, reports, programs and other information to the server where the understudy can move to a circle or their VAX account. Applications Development II (CIS 358) is an investigation of the condition of workmanship apparatuses and strategies for creating complex business applications; information association, on-line preparing, programming designing, and programming upkeep. This CIS class is an augmentation to CIS 258. The understudy will extend his/her insight into the COBOL programming language. All together for the CIS major to apply guideline of good application structure furthermore, tackling issues, the Visual Basic programming language will likewise be presented. The represent these two classes will contain the COBOL programming language and the compiler for it just as Visual Basic. For the understudies to get familiar with customer server innovation, CIS 365 is required to the PC Information Systems educational program. The understudy will be associated with finding out about various sorts of customer server condition, for example, arranging Worldwide Web condition and building a Netware LAN to

Euro-Definition, History, & Facts Research Paper

Euro-Definition, History, and Facts - Research Paper Example Part II presents the impacts of the euro in global business and exchange as the second biggest money on the planet economy. It additionally investigates the utilization of the euro outside the euro region and the Iranian Oil Bourse. Part III presents varying perspectives on the impacts of the euro on the economies of the part states in the euro territory. It likewise presents the impacts of the euro on the diverse financial exchanges of the part states. Experimental information on the impacts of the euro are talked about in Part IV, introducing information from 2002 to June of 2006. Parts VI and VII investigate the remain of the United Kingdom (UK) on the selection of the euro. It talks about the measures set by the UK which the euro needs to go before its reception. Likewise talked about are the potential impacts should the UK receive the euro, introducing the various sides of the issue. The European single money may follow its causes back to the vision of a considerably progressively joined Europe getting a charge out of monetary flourishing, where the individuals, administrations, capital, and merchandise move openly across part nations. This was first converted into words in the Treaty of Rome in 1957. The Marjolin Memorandum, an European Commission record, gave in 1962, was the primary Memorandum to open prospects toward Community level financial and money related association. The possibility of a particular fiscal character by and by surfaced in the Barre Plan put together by the European Commission in 1969. Making this vision a stride further, the Single European Act (1986) and the Treaty on European Union (1992) presented the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), the third period of which started with the setting of the trade paces of the various monetary forms (European Central Bank, 2004). Additionally, the advocates of the Single European Act presented the Single Market which supposedly promotes more prominent financial mix among part states. In any case, it is seen this must be completely accomplished with a solitary cash. A solitary money is relied upon to guarantee cost straightforwardness, kill conversion scale dangers, diminish exchange costs and eventually increment the financial advancement of the euro territory. (European Central Bank, 2006) Also, having been plagued with poor monetary development since the 1970s, the dispatch of the euro as the single cash of the EMU part states was relied upon to address the reasons for the issues of high expansion, high loan fees, and impractical open funds which are qualities of exceedingly directed and divided markets. The EMU was relied upon to make ready for more prominent macroeconomic solidness and improved financial productivity in the euro zone. (European Commission DG-EFA, 2004). On 01 January 1999, the normal cash is received by Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, and Finland, with Greece thusly joining on 01 January 2001Two years consequently, on 01 January 2002, euro notes and coins were introduced.â â

Metaphor of the Month Ivory Tower Richmond Writing

Metaphor of the Month Ivory Tower Richmond Writing This week we begin a new monthly feature. And the timing, in our second week of classes, is spot-on appropriate. For new students who may have forgotten the concept, a metaphor is a type of figurative speech calling a person or thing something it is not, such as John is a real skunk! or the famous parables in the Bible, with the Kingdom of Heaven suddenly becoming a mustard seed. Now on to our first academic metaphor. We think, commonly, of The Ivory Tower being the haunt of cloistered academics.   Where on earth did that come from? French, actually. The OED Online traces the origin of our term to the second quarter of the 19th Century, from  tour divoire, as a place of sanctuary from the world and its troubles.   The image is older, going back to (thank you, Wikipedia) to The Song of Solomon 7:4: Thy neck  is  as a tower of ivory; thine eyes  like  the fishpools in Heshbon, by the gate of Bathrabbim: thy nose  is  as the tower of Lebanon which looketh toward Damascus. The similes and metaphors just pile up here, rather odd tools of seduction, and in this book of the Bible they get racy, fast. Have a look yourself. In any case, I find it fascinating that none of the examples provided by the Oxford English Dictionary, as well as my antique version of Websters New Collegiate, show the drift in meaning to academia, especially toward the negative sense that political pundits often use to attack us. Only The American Heritage Dictionary sheds a little light (another metaphor!) on our phrase, noting a place of intellectual considerations rather than practical everyday life. I have many colleagues who would argue that our business in the Ivory Tower is very much about everyday life, especially how to live it in a considered and enlightened way, but this post is no more an op-ed than it is a look at the Bibles salacious metaphors. Yet that final definition gets us to the pejorative sense of the term. Other ages had Lotus-Lands. We moderns are only left with an ivory tower. Please nominate a word or metaphor useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Words of the Week  here. Photo by DAVID ILIFF. License: CC-BY-SA 3.0  of St. Johns College, Cambridge, courtesy of Wikipedia.

The Importance of Addressing Grief - 546 Words

There are many types of grief and many theories that are used when assessing a person’s situation. There are many forms of grief and they may be experienced by different groups of people. At times it can difficult to figure out what type of grief a person is experiencing and what help they may need. In order to find this information there are many theories that are used. Grief is complicated and no one experiences it the same way but there are some common aspects that are shared by those who grieve. Some of the types of grief are: normal grief, anticipatory grief and disenfranchised grief. Normal grief is when people move from loss to acptance of the loss. Normal grief also has little impact on the person’s life in the long term because many of the symptoms will lesson over time. This would be what a large part of the population go through when they experience loss, but there are other types of grief that have long lasting effects. A form of grief that is felt before the loss is anticipatory grief. This type of grief is experience by the family of someone who is dying, they have time to process the idea that a family member is dying and to accomplish any tasks that need to be addressed. At times even when families know that people are dying they may not have the chance to grieve like they need to because of society. For those do not follow what is considered normal, greieving can sometimes be difficult. The type of grief that deals with this aspect is disenfranchisedShow MoreRelatedDeath Beyond The Classroom Setting987 Words   |  4 Pagesjust where Leming (2011) found himself, standing at the crossroad of frustration. This is a terrible place to be caught in, especially when you are in search of answers for your own life and others are looking to you for answers to aid them with addressing life’s issues. Perhaps, if and when I come to this place in my life again, I can approach it differently than before. In addition to the abundanc e of information that was provided in this book that will help me if and when I am faced with thisRead MoreEssay on Grief and Mourning1283 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Grief and Mourning Grand Canyon University: PCN 605 December 17, 2013 Grief and Mourning Schizophrenia is one of the most debilitating psychotic disorders that can tend to cause distortions in perceptions, hallucinations, delusions, and other strange behavior in 1% of the population in the United States (Picchioni Murray, 2007). Receiving a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be life altering and hard to grasp. A myriad of emotions come into play for bothRead Moreexperiences of nurses grief after patient death1332 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Experience of Grief Following Patient Death: A Concept Analysis Karen D. Panganiban Resurrection University Abstract This is a concept analysis on the experiences of grief of registered nurses in the fields of oncology, pediatric ICU and adult ICU after a patient dies. The paper describes the reactions of nurses and how they are able to cope with grief. It also discussed the available resources that they use within their institution in response to the death of the patient. TheRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven And Annabel Lee884 Words   |  4 Pagesa loved one. Both deal with the heartache and grief associated with the search for understanding why the loss occurred. Both have an almost gothic, sad, unearthly feel to them. However, while the theme of The Raven and Annabel Lee is very similar, Poe uses a very different tone in the two poems to portray his feelings. The difference in tone produces a very different mood when one reads the two poems. The Raven tells a story of a man with much grief over this loss of his love, Lenore. As the poemRead MoreCompassion Fatigue Resulting From Disenfranchised Grief1683 Words   |  7 PagesCompassion Fatigue Resulting from Disenfranchised Grief in Health Care Professionals Kathryn Brown Denver School of Nursing SOC 220, Cohort A Compassion Fatigue Resulting from Disenfranchised Grief in Health Care Professionals This paper explores the emotional differences that people in the health care profession experience when it comes to the death of a patient. It defines the bereavement role, the four tasks of mourning, disenfranchised grief, compassion fatigue and how ambiguity and a lackRead MoreUnderstanding The Lakota Sioux Tribe1542 Words   |  7 Pagesthis group of people faced has led to a path of destruction that is incomprehensible. â€Å"Paralleling this massive trauma and contributing to the difficulty in grieving was the systematic destruction of traditional beliefs, ceremonies, and rituals of grief† (Diller, 2011). The Lakota people were placed in boarding schools that the American government set up to civilize Native American children so that they would be able to function within American society. They realized that the earlier they tookRead MoreLegal Situation For Same Sex Couples965 Words   |  4 Pagesbeing able to respect the patient’s wishes and involve the part ner in decision making and treatment discussions (Harding, Epiphaniou, Chidgey, 2012, p. 609). Partners facing the loss of their same-sex loved one may experience disenfranchised grief—grief that is not acknowledged or viewed as legitimate, owing to the relationship not being fully recognized by one’s family or community. This may limit the partner’s ability to grieve openly, result in a lack of bereavement support from health careRead MoreReflections on Old Age with Billy Graham Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pageson younger generations. Society seems to have lost respect and reverence for those who are elderly and this view is sometimes even seen in older people themselves. Graham shows there is a distinct place for the older generation in society and its importance to the younger generation. He expresses that both young and old people need to realize the wisdom and life experience of the older generation. Progress is important but so is the knowledge of the pa st. Graham (2011) makes this clear when he statesRead MoreThe Way Poets Present Ideas of Death and Loss in Mid-Term Break, On the Train, On My First Sonne and The Affliction of Margaret1139 Words   |  5 Pagesstructure, representing the discovery of his feelings towards the tragedy: Snowdrops and candles soothed the bedside; I saw him the first time in six weeks this is an example of a complex sentence used by Heaney and also shows how he is addressing his feelings. On The Train was written by Gillian Clarke, about the tragedy that was The Paddington Rail Crash, and the loss that succeeded it: there were 31 fatalities and over 500 injuries. Clarke was on a train travellingRead MoreMoral Reasoning For Journalists By Steve Knowlton And Bill Reader883 Words   |  4 Pagesthat make accurate truth-telling without ethical violation possible. On the recommendation of Steve Knowlton and Bill Reader’s passage on â€Å"Verification and Attribution† as well as â€Å"Avoid Deception† I would not write the story, not because it lacks importance, human impact or proximity, but because of the complicated tangle of sources and lack of information. Nevertheless, this raises the question of truthfulness: is the victim’s roommate correct in that it was a suicide? While the absence of an autopsy

Racism in Literature Essay - 2573 Words

Literature Analysis Most literature authors write stories on different genres like poems, stories, and plays. These works are written using a variety of elements of literature for instance setting, themes, conflict, and characters. The following essay discusses the element of racism as a theme in Margaret Laurence’s short story â€Å"The Loons,† Langston Hughes’ poem, I Too, Sing America, and W.E.B Du Bois’ book, â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk.† â€Å"The Loons† is a short story that was done by Margaret Laurence together with other stories in the sequence â€Å"A bird in the House† and was published in 1970. The story centers on the narrator and the main character Vanessa McLeod, a white girl and her youth days in a fictional town known as Manawaka,†¦show more content†¦This is a clear indicator of social prejudice. Piquette’s attitude and world is misinterpreted and misunderstood because the dominant whites chose so. Beth, Vanessa’ s mother also feels that Piquettes’s company will affect her children. Vanessa’s father’ good intention of inviting Piquette to their holiday trips illustrates the theme of racism and social alienation in the story. Piquette refuses to acknowledge the invitation to play with Vanessa. Vanessa asks her â€Å"want to come and play?† She retorts sharply with a scorn â€Å"I ain’t kid† much to Vanessa’s surprise (Laurence, 2001). This illustrates the nasty experiences of racial and social alienation that Vanessa has gone through. She does not want to be friendly to the whites. The Mà ©tis are a rejected lot and she feels things should remain the way they are. This shows that she had been hurt by the whites and does not trust any of them. Piquette feels that she can do nothing much when it comes to bridging the gap between the whites and the Mà ©tis and ignores all the attempts to socialize with Vanessa. The whites have a good life of lux ury. The McLeod’s have a cottage on Lake Diamond. They can afford to spend on holidays while the socially ostracized Mà ©tis live in despair, poverty, and illness. Laurence uses irony to bring out the theme of racism. Vanessa’s father passes on due to pneumonia that he contracted during the trip to Diamond Lake. Ewen was a doctor who hadShow MoreRelatedRacism in Literature824 Words   |  4 PagesBill Frino English 101-K Writing I Dr. J. Showler Research Paper 03/27/07 Racism in Literature â€Å"The violence of beast on beast is read As natural law, but upright man Seeks his divinity by inflicting pain.† - â€Å"A Far Cry from Africa† In these lines from Derek Walcott’s â€Å"A Far Cry from Africa,† the speaker emphasizes the natural human tendencies to â€Å"inflict pain.† Similarly, in his poem, â€Å"Sympathy,† Paul Dunbar explores pain from the point of view of a birdRead MoreLiterature Review On Racism And Racism835 Words   |  4 PagesLiterature Review and Approach To answer the question â€Å"how does black representation fight the Oppressions of Whiteness?† we first must look at race. For many American’s race, the definition for race is the color of someone’s skin. While many Americans will say that they â€Å"don’t see color† which is harmful in its own way. Race is a huge part of America from politics, shows, toys, books, many things in our daily life. Many anthropologists have even said that race isn’t real, but a social constructRead More Racism in Literature Essay1144 Words   |  5 PagesRacism, a disease of the ignorant, is a horrific part of society, and has reared its ugly head throughout history, and is continuing to do the same today. Racism comes in many shapes and forms, directed towards a variation of cultures. It can end lives and tear communities apart. Often times, there are people who see racism, and are inspired to write about it, with the goal in mind to make a difference and chan ge societies belief. Abel Meeropol and Harper Lee had that goal in common, when writingRead MoreEssay on Racism in Childrens Literature2376 Words   |  10 PagesFor my research project I chose the topic of Racism in Childrens Literature. I chose this area of study because it is something that bothers me and I know as a child in school I was very uncomfortable with assignments that dealt with racism. One day I would like to make a difference to all the people who are affected by racism. My hypothesis states that if educators are better trained to deal with the delicate subject of racism in childrens literature, books would not be banned, yet actually teachRead MoreFeminism and Racism in African American Literature1883 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout literature, feminism and racism have played crucial roles in the lives of the characters and plotlines in stories and novels. Audiences are captivated by the drama a character must face in order to succeed in life or society. This str uggle to overcome personal discrimination and adversity has transcended centuries and genres of literature. African American literature is no exception. Authors of African American literature would base the events that were taking place in the world aroundRead MoreThroughout literature characters have faced oppression in many forms including racism and sexism.1700 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout literature characters have faced oppression in many forms including racism and sexism. Twentieth century authors have successfully captured both hardships endured and the triumphs realized. Nelson Mandela once said â€Å"No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.† Mandela professesRead MoreThe Secret Life of Bees and How It Is Classified Under the Southern Gothic Genre 792 Words   |  4 PagesThe Secret Life of Bees within the Southern Gothic Genre Most southern gothic literature deals with the disturbed and flawed characters; one of the most famous writers of this genre is Edgar Allan Poe. The southern gothic genre is characterized by grotesque, gruesome, or unbelievable incidents. The southern gothic genre is portrayed in many ways. Lily, the main character, goes through many difficult life experiences and learns many tough lessons. This book does not have a happy ending like a fairyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen said to be the greatest American novel in history thus far. However, it is also one -if not the- most controversial works of literature to be taught in school curriculum. There are a few controversies surrounding Twain’s novel, including racism, sexism, and the overall conclusion of the book. The biggest controversy that the novel poses, however, is the ostensible racism throughout the story. A few things that need to be called to mind before any further discussion are that Twain did, in fact, spendRead MoreThe Man Within The Shadows1414 Words   |  6 Pageseighteenth and nineteenth centuries was a time that manifested the act of slavery and segregation. In these centuries, the African American Literature was born and based its focus on themes of interest of a select group of people who were known as Negroes, along with oral poetry, gospel music, blues and rap (â€Å"African America literature† 1). African American Literature began with slavery and colonization, however, was not originated until the attention of the Caucasian audience was pronounced with theRead MoreRace And Gender Roles : The Women On The Porch As Southern Gothic Literature893 Words   |  4 PagesSouthern literature, the portrayal of female characters evolved along side with the Southern culture. Female characters became more independent, strong-willed, and hardworking. Even African Americans became the main characters in Southern literature. In â€Å"Caroline Gordon’s Ghosts: The Women on the Porch as Southern Gothic Literature†, Tanfer Tunc discusses the evolution of the female character in Southern literature. Tunc also notes that traces of racism can still be found in Southern literature. Even

Finanacial Evaluation of Unilever Free Essays

Table of Contents Table of Content3 List of Tables4 Table 1 6 1. Introduction2 2. Main Body2 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Finanacial Evaluation of Unilever or any similar topic only for you Order Now Management Structure4 4. Ability to Earn Income 5 5. Size of Inventory Held5 6. Relience on Debt Financing5 7. Key Indicators for 2011 and 20126 8. Profitability of var. Product Lines and Geographic Regions 6 Table 28 9. FINANCIAL RATIOS FOR UNILEVER10 9. 1 Operations Analysis10 9. 2 Liquidity Analysis12 9. 3 Debt and Solvency Analysis 14 9. 4 Profitability Analysis15 5. CONCLUSION16 LIST OF REFERENCES17 Introduction When evaluating a company important is to know company’s history, operations and the nature of the business in which it operates. On other hand by reviewing company’s financial statements, operational practices we can evaluate its performance and compare it with the previous years or with the key competitors. By analyzing its financial indicators we can assess how profitable and sound the company is. This research paper will give brief description Unilever, its main divisions and products, its managements structure and the financial performance evaluation, with an aim to highlight the best practices and the growth drivers. Main Body 2. 1 Profile of the company, its divisions, products and supply chain Unilever is multinational corporation and is one of the worlds fast moving consumer goods companies with a host of well known brands. The company operates through four segments: Personal Care, Foods, Refreshment, and Home Care. Unilever is a joint venture of two companies that date back from the late nineteen century. It was formed by two Dutch families, Jurgens and Van den Bergh, butter merchants who later started producing margarine and by the British soap producer William Hesketh Lever. Since the early nineteen century the two companies were concentrated on acquisitions and in the early 1929 they signed an agreement to create Unilever (Unilever, 1929 p. 2). Unilever over the last two decades acquired the meat business Zwanenberg’s at Oss, Lipton International, Brooke Bond, Naarden, Calvin Klein and Elizabeth Arden/Faberge, Brayers ice cream, Kibon ice cream, Bestfoods, Slim Fast Foods, Ben Jerry’s and the Amora-Maille. In 1992 Unilever entered the Czech Republic and Hungary, and established UniRus in Russia, also enters in India and other parts of the world. (Unilever, 1995 p. 3) Unilever N. V. operates as a fast-moving consumer goods company in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Turkey, Europe, and the Americas Unilever possesses a portfolio of more than 400 brands, from nutritionally balanced foods to indulgent ice creams, affordable soaps, luxurious shampoos and everyday household care products. Their products are sold in more than 190 countries, generating sales of â‚ ¬51 billion in 2012. In the 21st century they launched growth strategies, in order to transform the business, leading to more acquisitions, rationalization of manufacturing and production sites to form centers of excellence. Unilever is responding quickly to rapid shifts in consumer behavior by investing in Research and Development and changing market conditions. Unilever’s sells its product across 170 countries and their procurement teams are purchasing from a network of around 160,000 suppliers worldwide. For the same reason its suppliers’ materials and services are an integral part of their commercial operations. Unilever has integrated supply management informational system that helps their local, regional and global supply managers to make appropriate sourcing decisions, allowing them to analyze information quickly and easily. Through this system they can negotiate with their suppliers in a more transparent and efficient way. Unilever’s largest international competitors are Procter Gamble and Nestle. While the competition in local markets or specific product ranges from numerous companies, including Beiersdorf, ConAgra, Danone, Henkel, Mars, Pepsico, and others (Unilever) Management Structure Maintaining good governance is one of the essentials factors for the long-term success of the company. For the same reason Unilever is engaged in conducting its operations in accordance with internationally accepted principles of good corporate governance. The success of Unilever is due to a combination of structural formality and managerial flexibility. Being a company that is present for more than a century, that operated in changing and transitional environment, is evidence of a flexible management structure that made Unilever successful (Floris 1992,p. 6). Learning through a trial and error Unilever has focused on two reliable and related practices to strengthen all structural changes: recruitment and training of high-quality managers, and the importance of linking decentralized units through a common corporate culture (Annual report 2012 p. 5) Unilever’s companies maintain formal processes to inform, consult and involve employees. They recognize collective bargaining on a number of sites and engage with employees. Their usage of sites tools such as Total Productive Maintenance rely heavily on employee involvement, contribution and commitment (Annual Report 2012 p. 28). The profitable growth that Unilever accomplishes is mai nly due and is achieved through the right people working in an organization that is fit to win and with a culture in which performance is aligned with values. Unilever has built an employer brand development tool which leverages best practice, and adapts recruitment models to reach the best people worldwide. The better recruitment, family-friendly working conditions, a culture of accountability, initiatives, and remuneration represent one of the crucial factors for the success which it achieves (Annual Report 2012, p. 66). Ability to earn income Unilever’s ability to earn income has increased due to the increase in revenue. In 2012 their ability to earn income has increased by 8. % compared with 2011, and with no changes from 2010 to 2011 (Annual Report 2012/11, p. 32 p. 24). Size of inventory held millionsmillionsmillions Inventories 201220112010 Raw materials and consumables1. 5171. 5381. 554 Finished goods and goods for resale2. 9193. 0172. 753 4. 4364. 6014. 307 Source: www. unilever. com The size of inventory during the last three years was moving closely. The raw materials and consumables from 2010 to 2011 decreased by 1% and in 2012 by 1. 3%. On the other hand the finished goods and goods for resale increased by 8. 5 in 2011 and a decrease of 3. 35% in 2012. This change in the finished goods and goods for resale was charged to the income statement for damaged, obsolete and lost inventories (Annual Report 2012/11, p. 113). Reliance on debt financing The net debt position in 2011 was 8. 781 billion or â‚ ¬2. 1 billion higher than the last year, in part due to the acquisition of Alberto Culver (Annual Report 2011, p. 28). In 2012 the net debt was 7. 355 billion, or 1. 4 billion lower than 2011. The cash outflow from acquisitions, dividends, tax, net capital expenditure and interest, and the negative impact of foreign exchange rates exceeded the cash inflow from operating activities and business disposals. The leverage ratio reveals that 32% of the financing its covered by debt (Annual Report 2012, p. 36). Key indicators for 2011 and 2012 The sales growth of Unilever in 2011 increased by 6. 5% and volume growth by 1. 6%. Emerging markets delivered 11. 5% underlying sales growth and turnover of 5% compared to 2010 (Annual Report 2011, p. 9). In 2012 the sale growth increased by 6. % and volume growth increase of 3. 4%. Emerging markets represented 55% of the turnover or 11. 6% of sales and turnover of 10. 5% compared to 2011 (Annual Report 2012, p. 9). Profitability of various product lines and geographical regions The region with the highest turnover, sales and volume growth in 2011 and 2012 is Asia, Africa and Central Eastern Europe with over â‚ ¬20. 5 billion of turnov er in 2012 and â‚ ¬18. 9 in 2011. Followed by Americas â‚ ¬17. 1 billion in 2012 and â‚ ¬15. 3 in 2011. the last is Western Europe with turnover of â‚ ¬ 13. 9 in 2012 and â‚ ¬12. in 2011 (Annual Report 2012/11, p. 10) Table 2 Formulas for Financial Ratios (Methodology) FormulasNumber 1. Activities (Operating) ratios Inventory Turnover = COGS/average inventory1. 1 Average number days in stock =365 days/inventory turnover1. 1. 1 Receivables Turnover = Net Sales/average receivables 1. 2 Av. Number of days receivables outstanding =365days/receivables turnover 1. 2. 1 Account Payable Turnover =Cost of Sale/Average Acc. Payable 1. 3 Av. N. of days payables outstanding =365days/payable turnover1. 3. 1 Working Capital Turnover =Sales/Average Working Capital . 4 Fixed asset turnover =net sales/av. Net fixed assets1. 5 Asset Turnover Ratio= Net Sales/Average Total Asset1. 6 Liquidity ratios Current Ratio= Current Assets/Current Liabilities2. 1. Quick Ratio= ((Cash + Marketable Securities)+ Acc. Receivables)/Current Liabilities2. 2 Cash Ratio =(Cash + Marketable Securities)/Current Liabilities2. 3 Cash Flow From Operations Ratio = CFO/Current Liabilities2. 4 Solvency ratios Debt to Capital Ratio= Total Debt/Total Capital3. 1 Times Interest Earned Ratio= EBIT/Interest Expense3. 2 CFO to Debt Ratio=CFO/Total Debt3. 3 Total Debt Ratio=Total Liabilities/Total Assets3. 4 Leverage Ratio= Long term debt/ (Long term debt+ Shareholders equity)3. 5 Profitability ratios Gross Profit Margin= Gross Profit/Net Sales4. 1 Operating Profit Margin = Operating Income/Net Sales4. 2 Pre Tax Margin = EBT/Sales4. 3 Return on Assets= EBIT/Average Total Assets4. 4 Return on Total Capital= (Net Income + Interest Expense)/(Long-Term debt +Equity)4. 5 Return On Total Equity = Net Income/Average Total Equity 4. 6 Authors own sources FINANCIAL RATIOS FOR UNILEVER 9. 1. Operational analysis Formula 1. 1 Formula 1. 1. Average inventory2010 =3942. 5 Average inventory2011 =4454 Average inventory2012=4518. 5 Inventory turnover ratio2010 =6. 57 Average number days in stock2010 =55. 6 days Inventory turnover ratio2011 = 6. 27 Average number days in stock2011 = 58. 2 days Inventory turnover ratio2012 = 6. 53 Average number days in stock2012 = 55days Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has performed better. Higher the ratio, better it is. W hich means that in 2012 it required 55 days to turnover(renew its inventory) Formula 1. 2 Formula 1. 2. 1 Average receivebles2010 =2424. 5 Average receivebles2011 = 2719 Average receivebles2012 =3666. 5 Receivables Turnover 2010 = 18. 23 Av. Number of days receivables outstanding2010 =20days Receivables Turnover 2011 =17. 09 Av. Number of days receivables outstanding2011 =21. 3days Receivables Turnover 2012 =14 Av. Number of days receivables outstanding2012 =26days Conclusion: In year 2010 UN has performed better. Higher the ratio, better it is. Which means that in 2010 it required 20 days to collect its receivables from customers. Formula 1. 3 Formula 1. 3. 1 Average payables2010 = 5006 Average payables2011 = 6398. 5 Average payables2012 = 9217 Account Payable Turnover 2010 = 5. 1 Av. N. of days payables outstanding 2010 =71. 56days Account Payable Turnover 2011 = 4. 36 Av. N. of days payables outstanding 2011 = 83. 6days Account Payable Turnover 2012 = 3. 2 Av. N. of days payables outstanding 2012 =114days Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has performed better. Lower the ratio, better it is. Which means that in 2012 it required 114 days do pay its liabilities. By extending the period the company enables financing of its operation activities. Formula 1. 4 Average working capital2010 = -931 Average working capital2011 = -2356 Average working capital2012 = -3653 Working Capital Turnover2010 = -47. 54 Working Capital Turnover2011 = -19. 72 Working Capital Turnover2012 = -14 Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has performed better. Higher the ratio, better it is. Which means that in 2012 UN had more efficient utilization of the working capital, needed for maintaining certain level of sales, and even though it is negative we can see sharp decrease during the precedent years. Formula 1. 5 Average fix assets2010 = 6218 Average fix assets2011 =7033 Average fix assets2012 =8404 Fixed asset Turnover2010= 7. 11 Fixed asset Turnover2011= 6. 6 Fixed asset Turnover2012= 6. 1 Conclusion: In year 2010 UN has higher ratio. This means that in 2010 UN had more efficient utilization of the long-term capital investments. Formula 1. 6 Average total assets2010 =39094 Average total assets2011 =44342 Average total assets2012 =46839 Asset Turnover Ratio 2010 = 1. 13 Asset Turnover Ratio 2011 = 1. 048 Asset Turnover Ratio 2012 = 1. 1 Conclusion: In year 2010 and 2012 UN has higher ratio. This means that had higher and more efficient performance of the company. 9. 2 Liquidity analysis Formula 2. 1 Current Ratio2010 = 0. 92 Current Ratio2011 = 0. 79 Current Ratio2012 = 0. 76 Conclusion: In year 2010 UN has higher ratio. A commonly acceptable current ratio is 1. 5-2. This level of ratio may show than UN cannot meet its short-term financial obligations. Formula 2. 2 Quick Ratio2010 = 0. 36 Quick Ratio2011 =0. 37 Quick Ratio2012 =0. 46 Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has higher ratio. This means that in 2012 UN was more financially secure to meet its short-term financial obligations. Commonly acceptable current ratio is 1, but may vary from industry to industry. Formula 2. 3 Cash Ratio2010 =0. 179 Cash Ratio2011 = 0. 21 Cash Ratio2012 = 0. 182 Conclusion: In year 2011 UN has higher ratio. This indicates that in 2011 UN has good level of liquid assets which can be easily used to pay its current obligations. Formula 2. 4 CFO Ratio2010 = 0. 4034 CFO Ratio2011 =0. 3 CFO Ratio2012 =0. 432 Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has higher ratio. This indicates that in 2012 UN current liabilities were covered by the cash flow generated from operations. 9. 3 Debt and solvency analysis Formula 3. 1 Debt to Capital Ratio2010 = 1. 18 Debt to Capital Ratio2011 = 1. 44 Debt to Capital Ratio2012 = 1. 308 Conclusion: In year 2011 UN has higher ratio. This means that in 2011 UN has low level of capital that is financed through debt. Formula 3. 2 Times interest earned2010 = 6. 46 Times interest earned2011 = 11. 66 Times interest earned2012 = 12. 87 Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has higher ratio. This means that in 2012 UN can 13 times make the interest payments on its debt with its EBIT, or this means that it easily can pay interest expenses on outstanding debt. Formula 3. 3 CFO to Debt Ratio 2010 = 0. 21 CFO to Debt Ratio 2011 =0. 16 CFO to Debt Ratio 2012 =0. 25 Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has higher ratio. This means that in 2012 UN has higher ability to cover the total debt from the cash flow from operations Formula 3. 4 Total Debt Ratio 2010 =0. 63 Total Debt Ratio 2011 =0. 68 Total Debt Ratio 2012 =0. 66 Conclusion: In year 2010 UN has lower ratio. This means that in 2010 UN risk is lower and the company relies less on debt to finance its assets. F ormula 3. 5 Leverage Ratio 2011 =0. 38=38% Leverage Ratio 2012 =0. 32=32% Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has lower ratio. This means that in 2012 Unilever had 32% of its financing covered by debt. . 4 Profitability Analysis Formula 4. 1 Gross Profit Margin 2010 = 0. 41 Gross Profit Margin 2011 = 0. 39 Gross Profit Margin 2012 = 0. 45 Conclusion: In year 2012 UN has higher ratio. This means that in 2012 UN has higher earnings taking into consideration the costs that it incurs for producing its products. Formula 4. 2 Operating Profit Margin 2010 = 0. 144 Operating Profit Margin 2011 = 0. 142 Operating Profit Margin 2012 = 0. 137 Conclusion: In year 2010 UN has higher ratio. This means that in 2010 UN profit left after paying its variable costs was higher. Formula 4. 3 Pre-tax Margin 2010 = 0. 06 Pre-tax Margin 2011 = 0. 123 Pre-tax Margin 2012 = 0. 122 Conclusion: In 2011 and 2012 UN has high ratio. This indicates that in 2011 and 2012 UN had greater profitability, comparing it with 2010 when it was two times lower. Formula 4. 4 Average Total assets2010 = 39094 Average Total assets2011 =44342 Average Total assets2012 =46839 ROA 2010 = 10. 8% ROA 2011 = 9. 58% ROA 2012 = 9. 56% Conclusion: : In year 2010 UN has higher ratio which suggest that it has earned more money and invested less in assets. Formula 4. 5 ROC2010 = 11. 36% ROC2011 = 21. 14% ROC2012 = 22. 3% Conclusion:In 2012 UN has higher ratio which indicates the return that UN is achieving from the capital employed and this return has doubled from 2010 to 2011/12. Formula 4. 6 ROE2010 = 28. 14% ROE2011 = 28. 49% ROE2012 = 29. 25% Conclusion: In 2012 UN has higher ratio which indicates a high level of profit UN earned in comparison to the total amount of shareholder equity. This ratio measures how profitable Unilever is for the owners of the investment, and how profitably the company employs its equity. Conclusion The purpose of this paper was to reveal the financial performance of Unilever and to make an evaluation and assessment of the firm’s management structure and what contributes to the success they achieve and key figures and ratios. The financial position of Unilever for 2012 was admirable, due to the fact that had increased revenues, sales and volume growth of its divisions worldwide and decreased net debt. The compared data for 2010,2011, and 2012 show continuous improvement and increase of their financial position. List of references Unilever site www. unilever. com Annual Report 2012, Available at: http://www. unilever. com/images/ir_Unilever_AR12_tcm13-348376. pdf [Accessed date 05/03/2012] Annual Report 2011, Available at: http://www. unilever. com/images/Unilever_AR11_tcm13-282960_tcm13-348380. pdf [Accessed date 07/03/2012} Floris M. (1992), Inside Unilever: The Evolving Transnational Company, Harvard Business Review; Vol. 70 Issue 5, p46-52, EBSCO Host http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? vid=4=8aace911-769a-43f3-9949-b4364f9185cf%40sessionmgr111=124=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=bth=9301105365 [Accessed date 09/03/2012] How to cite Finanacial Evaluation of Unilever, Essay examples

A Streetcar Named Desire, Literary Analysis free essay sample

Williams took great care in applying each of these literary device techniques to the theme as he presents an intriguing contrast between Blanche and Stanley, vivid images both animalistic and broken, and imploring the use of the Odyssey to further deepen his characters. Each of these devices though varied in style combine effortlessly in this tragedy. One of the ways that Williams portrays his theme in this play was by using the literary device Foil. This is most important in characterization and is also seen in the economy vs. relationships. In the play Williams purposefully misdirects readers by using male against female. As in Stanley telling Stella what to do in certain situations, and also telling Blanche what she is going to do about the papers and Napoleonic code about â€Å"lost Belle Reve. † (Williams 40-43) There is also the Poker Table scene in which this places Stella and Blanche in opposition and Mitch and Stanley. We will write a custom essay sample on A Streetcar Named Desire, Literary Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mitch wants to continue talking with Blanche and Stanley wants Mitch to come and play poker. Mitch continually tries to leave saying that he needs to get home to his sick mother. Stanley obviously does not understand Mitch’s situation and his need to be home. Stanley is really impatient as in he doesn’t like any distractions while he is playing his game. Stanley and Blanche both struggle for Stella’s attention, and they both want Stella on their side. In A Streetcar Named Desire the literary device known as imagery is constant and throughout the entire play. The image of animal nature is portrayed as equal to Stanley. â€Å"Bears her in the dark,† it is never said, but in those words you can gather that Stanley raped Blanche. The low moans of the clarinet and the blue piano all portray the image of what an animal would do. (Williams 129) Another form of imagery in the play is broken images. There is the broken mirror and Mitch tearing the lamp. There is also Blanche’s husband Hickey killing himself. There is also the loss of the baby which is a broken part of the story. Intertextuality is the shaping of texts meanings by other texts. Williams uses this literary device by referring to Book Nine of the Odyssey. Blanche is equal to deception. She is always flirting with some man especially Stanley. Anytime she gets the chance while Stella is out of the room. Blanche is like Odysseus because she is very well aware of her deceptive truths. She uses them to manipulate in situations. She blinds Stanley by her deceptive ways. Intertextuality is also used in the image of Cyclopes. Stanley portrays the image of Cyclopes. He is also referred to as â€Å"One-eye monster,† in the play. He is referred to this character because of his strong will and physically strong, but he falls easily into Blanche’s trap of being blinded. Although there are many other literary devices that are used throughout A Streetcar Named Desire these devices work together in unison to thoroughly express the theme in their struggle to attain happiness. Though they try very hard the happiness is never really gained. These literary devices are used to create an image in the readers minds that Williams intended to do. I found myself questioning while reading this play, â€Å"Why is the title of the play A Streetcar Named Desire? † Well I found that while reading in the beginning of the play Blanche comes into town and she is a look for a streetcar like a trolley or taxi entitled Desire. So she takes this streetcar to her Stella her sister’s house. At the end of the play Blanche is taken away in a mental institution vehicle she is not well. It is implied that another streetcar came to pick up Blanche, but not one called Desire.